石油继续主导美国的能源消耗

据碳氢加工网7月2日报道称，一个多世纪以来，石油、天然气和煤炭至少占美国能源消耗的80％。2018年，美国的总能源消耗创下了101千万亿英热的历史新高，其中超过81千万亿英热来自化石燃料。尽管有所增加，但2018年化石燃料在美国能源消费总量中所占份额仅比2017年略有增长，是自1902年以来的第二次历史最低份额。

2018年化石燃料消费量的增加是由石油和天然气消费增长推动的。2018年煤炭消费量下降4.3％，为连续第个五年度下降。美国煤炭消费量在2005年达到顶峰，此后下降了近42％。2018年美国煤炭消费量降至6.87亿吨，是自20世纪70年代以来美国煤炭消费量的最低水平。

2018年天然气消费量增加，达到821亿立方英尺/天的新纪录。在过去10年中，天然气消费量有8年呈上升趋势。天然气消费的增长在很大程度上是由于电力部门的消费增加所致。总体而言，美国天然气消费量自2005年以来增长了37％。

2018年石油消费量也有所增加，石油产品供应量达到每天2050万桶。尽管2018年石油消费有所增加，但仍低于2005年设定的最高消费水平。自1950年超过煤炭以来，石油一直是美国最大的能源消耗来源。

2018年，可再生能源在能源消费中所占份额（包括水电，生物质能和其他可再生能源，如风能和太阳能）为11.4％，略低于2017年的份额。在过去十年中，可再生能源增长最快的领域是太阳能和风能发电。

徐蕾 摘译自 碳氢加工网

原文如下：

Petroleum continues to dominate U.S. energy consumption

Petroleum, natural gas, and coal—have accounted for at least 80% of energy consumption in the United States for well over a century. Overall energy consumption in the United States reached a record high in 2018 at 101 quadrillion British thermal units (Btu), of which more than 81 quadrillion Btu were from fossil fuels. Despite the increase, the fossil fuel share of total U.S. energy consumption in 2018 increased align="justify">The increase in fossil fuel consumption in 2018 was driven by increases in petroleum and natural gas consumption. Coal consumption fell by 4.3% in 2018, the fifth consecutive annual decline. U.S. consumption of coal peaked in 2005 and has declined nearly 42% since then. U.S. coal consumption fell to 687 million short tons in 2018, the lowest level of coal consumption in the United States since the 1970s.

Natural gas consumption increased in 2018, reaching a new record consumption level of 82.1 billion cubic feet per day. Natural gas consumption has increased in 8 of the past 10 years. Growth in natural gas consumption has largely been driven by increased consumption in the electric power sector. Overall, U.S. consumption of natural gas has increased by 37% since 2005.

Petroleum consumption also increased in 2018 as petroleum product supplied reached the equivalent of 20.5 million barrels per day. Despite the increase in 2018, U.S. petroleum consumption remains lower than its peak consumption level set in 2005. Petroleum has been the largest source of energy consumption in the United States since surpassing coal in 1950.

The renewable share of energy consumption in 2018, which includes hydroelectricity, biomass, and other renewables such as wind and solar, was 11.4%, slightly less than its 2017 share. The largest growth in renewables over the past decade has been in solar and wind electricity generation.