2018年美国天然气生产、消费和出口触新高

据天然气加工网站11月18日消息 美国能源信息署（EIA）的《2018年天然气年度报告》显示，美国在2018年创造了天然气生产、消费和出口的新纪录。2018年，干天然气产量增长12%，日均产量达到838亿立方英尺/天，创历史新高。

这是自1951年以来最大的百分比增长，也是历史上最大的产量增长，可追溯至1930年。2018年，受电力行业天然气消费量增加的推动，美国天然气消费量增长11%。2018年，天然气总出口量为100亿立方英尺/天，比2017年的86亿立方英尺/天高出14%。2018年，多个新的液化天然气出口设施上线，出口量显著增加。

美国各终端使用部门的天然气消费量均有所增长。由于冬季大部分时间天气略冷，2018年天然气作为家庭取暖燃料的需求量大于2017年。同样，2018年夏天，气温创下历史新高，空调需求增加，因为其中大部分电力由天然气供应。2017年，美国电力部门天然气消费量增长了14%，高于任何其他终端使用部门。过去十年，由于价格优惠和效率提高，电力部门一直在向天然气转移。

美国天然气产量增长集中在阿巴拉契亚、二叠纪和海恩斯维尔地区。覆盖阿巴拉契亚盆地的宾夕法尼亚州和俄亥俄州，2018年的同比增幅分别为20亿立方英尺/天和17亿立方英尺/天，居第一和第三位。路易斯安那州的干产量增长位居第二，由于海恩斯维尔页岩地层产量增加，产量增加了18亿立方英尺/天。由于德克萨斯西部和新墨西哥东部二叠纪盆地的持续钻探活动，德克萨斯仍然是天然气生产最发达的州，产量为187亿立方英尺/天。

吴恒磊 编译自 天然气加工

原文如下：

www.gasprocessingnews.com

The U.S. Energy Information Administration’s (EIA) Natural Gas Annual 2018 shows that the United States set new records in natural gas production, consumption, and exports in 2018. In 2018, dry natural gas production increased by 12%, reaching a record-high average of 83.8 billion cubic feet per day (Bcf/d).

This increase was the largest percentage increase since 1951 and the largest volumetric increase in the history of the series, which dates back to 1930. U.S. natural gas consumption increased by 11% in 2018, driven by increased natural gas consumption in the electric power sector. Natural gas gross exports totaled 10.0 Bcf/d in 2018, 14% more than the 2017 total of 8.6 Bcf/d. Several new liquefied natural gas (LNG) export facilities came align="justify">U.S. natural gas consumption grew in each end-use sector. Demand for natural gas as a home heating fuel was greater in 2018 than in 2017 because of slightly colder weather during most of the winter. Similarly, the summer of 2018 saw record-high temperatures that increased demand for air conditioning and, therefore, electricity—much of which was fueled by natural gas. U.S. electric power sector consumption of natural gas grew by 14% in 2017, more than in any other end-use sector. The electric power sector has been shifting toward natural gas in the past decade because of favorable prices and efficiency gains.

U.S. natural gas production growth was concentrated in the Appalachian, Permian, and Haynesville regions. Pennsylvania and Ohio, states that overlay the Appalachian Basin, had the first- and third-largest year-over-year increases for 2018, increasing by 2.0 Bcf/d and 1.7 Bcf/d, respectively. Louisiana had the second-largest volumetric increase in dry production, increasing by 1.8 Bcf/d as a result of increased production from the Haynesville shale formation. Texas remained the top natural gas-producing state, with a production level of 18.7 Bcf/d, as a result of continued drilling activity in the Permian Basin in western Texas and eastern New Mexico.