美国炼油企业因国内和出口需求疲弱削减产量

据碳氢加工网11月22日消息，今年迄今为止，美国炼油厂已经将原油加工量削减了近1亿桶，主要是为了应对国内外需求疲软。

根据美国能源信息管理局(EIA)的数据，今年迄今原油加工量自2008/09年经济衰退以来首次出现下滑。

到目前为止，美国炼油厂在2019年的原油加工量为1661万桶/天，低于2018年同期的1691万桶。

原油加工量减少部分归因于今年6月21日位于美国东海岸的费城炼油厂发生爆炸和火灾，导致日加工量33.5万桶原油的炼厂关闭。

今年，美国东海岸的原油日加工量下降了13.8万桶 (13%)，墨西哥湾和西海岸的原油日加工量也分别下降了14.7万桶(1.6%)和5.4万桶(2.2%)。

与2018年相比，美国全国范围内的加工量下降了1.8%，其中东海岸的炼厂占总降幅的不到一半。

炼油商已根据石油产品需求下降的情况，削减了原油产量，以避免积压的多余库存使利润率降低。

从1月到8月的八个月里，美国成品油消费下降了1.0%，其中汽油下降了0.5%，馏分油下降了1.2%。

今年1-8月，包括进口在内的成品油总消费量较上年同期下降了4,400万桶，为2012年以来首次下降。

今年前8个月，美国成品油出口也减少了3,000万桶，为20多年来的最大降幅，反映出国外对汽油、残余燃料油和石油焦的需求疲弱。

通过限制原油加工，美国炼油厂避免了汽油和柴油的过剩，但在原油市场上创造了更大的过剩，从而支撑了炼油利润。

裘寅 编译自 碳氢加工网

原文如下：

U.S. oil refiners trim runs amid weak domestic and export demand

U.S. oil refineries have cut their crude processing by almost 100 million barrels so far this year, mostly in response to slack demand at home and overseas.

Crude processing in the year-to-date has fallen for the first time since the recession of 2008/09, according to data from the U.S. Energy Information Administration.

U.S. refineries have processed 16.61 million barrels per day (bpd) of crude so far in 2019, down from 16.91 million bpd at the same point in 2018 (“Weekly petroleum status report”, EIA, Nov. 20).

Some of the reduction can be attributed to the closure of the 335,000 bpd Philadelphia Energy Solutions refinery align="justify">East Coast processing has fallen 138,000 bpd (13%) this year, but processing is also down by 147,000 bpd (1.6%) align="justify">Nationwide processing has fallen by 1.8% compared with 2018, with refineries align="justify">Instead, refiners have trimmed crude throughput in line with reduced demand for petroleum products to avoid a build up of unwanted stocks crushing their margins.

Nationwide consumption of finished products was down 1.0% in the eight months from January through August, including an 0.5% decline in gasoline and a 1.2% decline in distillates.

Total consumption of finished products, including imports, fell by 44 million barrels in January-August compared with the same period a year ago, the first decline since 2012.

U.S. exports of finished products were also down 30 million barrels in the first eight months, the largest decline for more than 20 years, reflecting weak foreign demand for gasoline, residual fuel oil and petroleum coke.

By throttling back crude processing, U.S. refineries have averted a surplus of gasoline and diesel, but created an even bigger surplus in the crude market, in the process supporting refining margins.