欧洲将在油价暴跌之际增加燃油税

据4月2日PIIE报道，当前，全球基准油价已从2月中旬的每桶60美元降至目前的每桶20美元，下跌了三分之二，而且油价可能会在很长一段时间内保持在这个低位水平。

美国似乎准备放松汽车排放标准、让该国车主可以更加依赖当前的低油价。但欧洲今年早些时候承诺该地区到2050年要完成脱碳。

2020年1月，一升欧标95汽油(欧盟最广泛使用的汽油等级)的平均零售价为1.44欧元，其中0.87欧元(约60%)为税收，0.57欧元为税前价格。到2020年3月底，欧盟的税前价格下降了近四分之一，降至0.43欧元，每升汽油的平均总成本降至1.26欧元。为了将汽油价格恢复到2020年1月的水平，欧盟各国政府通过降低总价格来提高税收，平均每升降低约0.18欧元，燃油税增加22%，至每升1欧元。

尽管油价维持低位，但汽油消费将保持低迷。因此，欧盟各国政府必须采取行动，在欧洲经济逐渐恢复正常之前，提高道路、海上和空中运输燃料价格的化石燃料税，欧洲脱碳的前景会如何将取决于此。

邹勤 摘译自 PIIE

原文如下：

Europe should seize oil price windfall

The price war—which involves US shale producers as well as Saudi and Russian interests—has caused global price benchmarks to fall by two-thirds from $60 per barrel in mid-February to $20 per barrel today. Oil prices may remain this low for a long time.

As the administration appears ready to loosen US vehicle emissions standards, making US car owners more dependent>The average total price at the pump for a liter of Euro-super 95 gasoline (the most widely used gasoline grade across the EU) in January 2020 was €1.44, split between 87 cents (about 60 percent) in total taxes and 57 cents as the pre-tax price. By late March 2020 the pre-tax price had fallen by almost a quarter to just 43 cents, and the total cost of a liter of gasoline>Gasoline consumption will remain subdued, despite lower prices. EU governments must therefore act to raise fossil fuel taxation on road, sea, and air transportation fuel prices before the European economies gradually return to normal. The prospects for long-term decarbonization in Europe depends on it.